Infrastructure and Landscape

Coastal architecture extends beyond buildings to infrastructure shaping relationships between land and sea. Ports evolved from simple quays to complex systems of breakwaters, locks, and basins. Each expansion responded to changing ship sizes and cargo handling, creating layered landscapes where Roman foundations support medieval walls beneath modern concrete. Reading these ports requires archaeological perspective, understanding how each era's contributions reflect contemporary technology and ambitions.

Seaside promenades represent infrastructure as social space. Nice's Promenade des Anglais, begun as make-work project for unemployed locals, became one of the world's most famous public spaces. Its generous width accommodates multiple uses—cycling, skating, strolling, sitting—while mediating between city and beach. The recent renovation, prioritizing pedestrians and creating more green space, demonstrates how historic infrastructure can adapt to contemporary needs.

Coastal paths present different infrastructural challenges. The sentier du littoral, legally guaranteeing public access along the entire coast, requires constant maintenance against erosion while respecting private property and environmental protection. Engineering solutions range from simple gravel paths to elaborate boardwalks and staircases. The best designs disappear into the landscape, allowing walkers to experience the coast while protecting fragile ecosystems from trampling.

Marina development transformed many ports from working harbors to recreational facilities. Early marinas often destroyed historic port character with standardized pontoons and parking lots. Contemporary marina design learns from these mistakes, integrating facilities with existing urban fabric and maintaining visual connections to the water. Mixed-use development brings life beyond boat storage, while environmental features like pump-out stations and oil separators address pollution concerns.