Sectoral Competitiveness

Different sectors face varying global dynamics:

Agriculture and Food

France leverages terroir and quality: - Wine exports reaching €11 billion - Cheese and dairy global recognition - Grain exports feeding world - Organic and sustainable positioning - Competition from New World producers

Philippe Lefebvre, the Chablis winemaker from Chapter 2, explains evolution:

"Twenty years ago, we sold mostly in France. Now 70% goes abroad—USA, China, Japan. We compete on quality and origin, not price. Our terroir story resonates globally, but we must constantly innovate while respecting tradition."

Manufacturing

French manufacturing niches globally: - Aerospace leadership maintained - Luxury goods dominating segments - Pharmaceutical innovation - Nuclear technology exports - Struggles in mass production

Services

Services internationalization accelerates: - Engineering exports growing - Financial services post-Brexit opportunity - Tourism requiring constant renewal - Digital services lagging leaders - Cultural exports significant

Energy Transition

Green economy creates opportunities: - Nuclear expertise marketable - Renewable technology development - Energy efficiency solutions - Sustainable transport systems - Carbon management services